The hydrodynamic radius is important in predicting transretinal penetration Carroll PJ. 2000;3(9):31826. The receptor phase was collected immediately (time 0) and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24h. This receptor phase solution was transferred to a 96-well plate and the skin-permeated FITC-dextran was measured using a microplate reader (Molecular Devices, Co. Ltd., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) at 405nm. Indo AM J Pharm. The above data are not useful because it can not be compared with those obtained in this work. De Belder, A.N. Castellanos Gil, E. E.; Iraizoz Colarte, A.; El Ghzaoui, A.; Durand, D.; Delarbre, J.L. Carbohydrate Polymers, 38, 267-271. Fluorescent and Biotinylated DextransSection 14.5 Before Figure1 shows a schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. The Mark-Houwink parameters indicate the dependence with temperature (T) in the range from 20 to 50C, ie with increasing T a increases and kM-H decreases. Similar results are obtained in references [35, 36, 37], using a system of dextran / ethylene glycol, and dextran/dimethylsulfoxide, respectively. Human cadaver skin has been confirmed as alive skin tissue through analysis of its morphology and enzymes, and its usefulness as an alternative skin membrane in drug permeation experiments has been verified [20]. Journal Argentine Chemical Society 100 (2013) 25-34. Microporation was performed 2, 5, and 10 times on each sample. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Recent Pat. Singh TRR, Garland MJ, Cassidy CM, Migalska K, Demir YK, Ryan SAE, Woolfson D, Donnelly RF. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. pp13-21. WebThomas Gutberlet works at Jlich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2), Forsch and is well known for Lipoteichoic Acid, Neutron Reflectometry and Neutron Reflectivity. The a value is higher than calculated in this work, because these calculations were performed with number average molecular weight (Mn) which rearranges the value of a and forces him to enter into unbranched or linear molecules (a > 0.5), on the other hand, if molecular weights (Mw) ware used to value would be less than 0.5. Charge: Anionic. Viswanath, D.S. Differences were considered statistically significant at p <0.05. Journal of Physical Chemistry. Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. Experimental Review on Intrinsic (2008). (2013). Table 5 shows the data of Mark-Houwink parameters determined in figure 4 from linear regressions with 2 values higher than 0.9797. Carbohydrate Polymers 88 373-381. Fixable: Fixable via Lysine. Molecular weight (M v) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. Table 3 shows the intrinsic viscosity for the rest of the dextrans obtained by using the single-point method, measured at different temperatures. Huggins, Maurice L. (1942). Hi Khanh, Alan is taking a little time off of Research Gate at the moment, but here is some information in reply to your question. For Research Use Only. Microporations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times and the skin damage was confirmed using the TEWL measurement. Carbohydrate Polymers, 74, 372-378. This universalization of the parameters leads to a higher error ratio in the calculation of the respective molecular weights. US20230040324A1 AMINOACRIDINE AND AMINOPYRENE DYES Hrabchak C, Flynn L, Woodhouse KA. Privacy 1905/05) for their financial support. Hydrodynamic 2017 Dec 12;27(1):73-78. doi: 10.1007/s10068-017-0274-0. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Mark-Houwink-Kuhn-Sakurada Exponent at the Condition. Herwadkar A, Banga AK. Kam Y, Sacks H, Kaplan KM, Stern M, Levin G. Radio frequency-microchannels for transdermal delivery: characterization of skin recovery and delivery window. Polymolecularity and polydispersity in Molecular weight determinations. In vitro studies with human cadaver skin is a viable, ethical, and economical alternative for in vivo animal studies. However, the results did not show significant regeneration of micropore compared to previous in vivo studies which reported significant regeneration [25]. Kano S, Todo H, Furui K, Kenichi S, Tokudome Y, Hashimoto F, Kojima H, Sugibayashi K. Comparison of several reconstructed cultured human skin models by microscopic observation: their usefulness as an alternative membrane for skin in drug permeation experiments. ; Patel, T.R. Nordmeier, Eckliard (1993). WebFluorescein isothiocyanatedextran average mol wt 60,000-76,000; CAS Number: 60842-46-8; Synonyms: FITCDextran; find Sigma-Aldrich-FD70S MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. ; Picout, D.R. Hydrodynamic Properties of Tragacanthin. Many works are aimed at determining molecular weights [1, 7, 26], hydrodynamic radius, among other parameters for characterizing the physics and chemistry properties of dextran in solution. The solution viscosity () is related to the solvent viscosity (o), resulting in the relative viscosity. Karmarkar, S.; Garber, R.: Kluza, J.; Koberda, M. (2006). Garcia de la Torre, J.; Carrasco, B. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. These hydrodynamic parameters show that these polysaccharides behave as a compact rigid sphere and contract by the increase of temperature (RH decreases) for the Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa. Dextran Triple Detector Application Note 1, Viscotek GmbH, USA. The value of Mv is different from Mn, Mw, and Mz in a polydisperse polymer sample [38, 60, 61, 62]. FITC-dextran solution (600L) was added to the donor chamber. The M-H equation is empirical and valid for monodisperse polymers, and it is applied to biomacromolecules (complex, hyperbranched, crosslink), taking the precaution of comparing the value of Mv with the polydispersity index (qM-H). Analyzing the values of the hydrodynamic properties of dextran in aqueous solution, it can be seen in Table 7, that all vary with the temperature. Dynamics of a Polymer Solution in a Rigid Matriz. For data requests, please contact the authors. "Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. Dextran Utilization During Its Synthesis by Weissella cibaria RBA12 Can Be Overcome by Fed-Batch Fermentation in a Bioreactor. Accueil; Solution; Tarif; PRO; Mon compte; France; Accueil; Solution; Tarif; PRO; Mon compte WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter (d h ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. Progress in Measurement, Interpretation and Application to Structure in Dilute Solution. WebIn this regard, we chose as crowding agents a number of polymers with hydrodynamic dimensions comparable to those of iRFP713 in different structural states: polyethylene glycol8,000(PEG-8000)withaneffectivehydrodynamicradiusof24.5 1.9(Devanand & Selser, 1991), Dextran-40 and Dextran-70 with hydrodynamic radius of 44.550 and 5864 , Hydrodynamic radii were measured using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) in a Malvern Zetasizer NanoZS DLS (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) at high scattering angle (173) to minimise the effects of dust and supramolecular contamination (NIBS, 173). Monosaccharide analysis revealed that the polysaccharide comprised only glucose units. Dear Sir. Alan F Rawle , Can you help me in calculating the size of dextran 4 (molecular weight= 4000) and dextran 10 (molecular weight 10,000)? Th The values of Mark-Houwink parameters could be universalized with certain precautions, being an indication for the calculation of molecular weight in the temperature range of 20-40C. Journal of Chemical Education, 49(8), 577-579. WebFITC Products. 2013;43(4):287303. In this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. The .gov means its official. Google Scholar. Dextran The range of temperatures used was 25-50 (0.1) C and it was regulated by thermostatic bath Haake C. The viscosity measurements required Hagenbach-Couette correction time (tg 37.31s). Elias, Hans-Georg (1975). 2018 Jan;184(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s12010-017-2522-4. Characterization of high molecular weight dextran produced by Weissella cibaria CMGDEX3. The effectiveness of the RF microporation technique in transdermal drug delivery of macromolecules and hydrophilic agents such as peptides, hormones, and vaccines has been demonstrated extensively in previous studies [16,17,18]. Immediately after 2, 5, and 10 times microporations, 97.1432.39, 80.5715.51, and 82.3916.49m sizes of micropores were formed on the skin, respectively. For simplicity, macromolecules are treated as rigid molecules for a hydrodynamic study. Transdermal drug delivery system for non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs: a review. It is well tolerated on parenteral infusion by most people but a very low incidence (2008). Beer, M.U. Saudi Pharm J. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was For ellipsoids, as studied by Simha, (a/b) is a function of axial ratio. These results are in agreement with a previous study which suggested that the microporation using radiofrequency causes disruption of the SC, enabling the percutaneous permeation of the FITC-dextran [21]. 2015;32(5):170413. Hydrodynamic Dextran standards with sequence molecular weight from 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa were utilized for the plot of calibration curve. Challenges in analysis of high-molar mass dextrans: Comparison of HPSEC, AsFlFFF and DOSY NMR spectroscopy. Home > 2022 > Junho > 22 > Uncategorized > dextran hydrodynamic radius. 2012;3(1):208. (1954). In our present study, microporated skin permeated insufficient amount of 20K FITC-dextran, suggesting that enhancement of permeability was unsuccessful with macromolecules of more than 20KM.W.. Just in case anyone wants to use a different molecular weight to estimate the hydrodynamic size: the calculator is integrated into the classic Zeta Dextran is soluble in water, methyl sulphoxide, formamide, ethylene glycol, glycerol, 4-methylmorpholine-4-oxide, and hexamethyl phosphamide [4]. Journal of Polymer Science, 17, 527-546. Polyelectrolytes as secondary calibration standards for aqueous SEC. The Mark-Houwink a constant is close to 0.75 (or higher) for these good solvents. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 72, 871-876. Rheology of dextran solutions. The skin was treated with the RF-based microporation device, inducing micropore ablation through alternating electrical current. The term f/f0 is sometimes denoted as P, Perrin constant. Stenekes, R.J.H. Solutions of dextrans and blue dextrans (0.21.0 g/L) were prepared in 0.200 M NaCl (aq). Chem. 4K, b M.W. Covis, Rudy; Ladaviere, Catherine; Desbrieres, Jacques; Marie, Emmanuelle; Durand, Alain. These values indicate for dextrans in dilute aqueous solution, both methods give very similar results of the intrinsic viscosity and the respective Mw. Biomacromolecules 8, 2464-2475. Seven dextrans, provided by Sigma, with molecular weight of 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa. Pathan IB, Setty CM. In summary, we demonstrated effective enhancement of skin permeability and delivery of macromolecules lower than 20KM.W., and regeneration of human cadaver skin after microporation with an RF-based microporation device. Materiaux 1-5. Advances in Carbohydrate Analysis, 1, 63-144. Figure5 shows the cumulative amount of the FITC-dextran (M.W. Transdermal drug delivery: overcoming the skins barrier function. Various average molecular weights (Mv, Mn, Mw, and Mz) instead of Mv were substituted in M-H equation. (2003). Skin barrier disruption by acetone: observations in a hairless mouse skin model. 2.It can be found from the figure that at the start-up stage of the shaft, the hydrodynamic effect (HE) is weak, so the HP is not enough to support the shaft, which Ioan, C.E. Immediately after formation, the microchannels are filled with interstitial fluid, making them hydrophilic, and a suitable drug delivery system [15]. Keywords: AATEX. The hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of individual samples of dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyoxyethylene over a range of molecular weights (1,500 For a rigid or rod like polymer molecule that is greatly extended in solution, the Mark-Houwink a constant approaches to a value of 2.0 [48].The hydrodynamic radius (RH), for a sphere ((a/b) = 2.5) is given by the Einstein relation [49]. Epub 2012 Oct 18. Google Scholar. Thomas Gutberlet (Lipoteichoic Acid): Statistiques d'influence 1984;17(6):11703. After 24h, the cumulative permeation of FITC-dextran M.W. 2004;25(9):155967. Kuge Takashi; Kimie Kobayashi; Shinichi Kitamura; Hiroshi Tanahashi. Morris, G.A. The basic setup of a DLS instrument is shown in Figure 1. Stokes radius The [] is connected to the dimensions of the biopolymer molecule isolated in a certain solvent. ; Yevlampieva N.P. RBECs were passaged onto cell culture inserts as described and cultured for a further 714 days in vitro. In addition, the permeation rate was higher in pig skin than in human skin. J Pharm Sci. The polymer molecule assumes a tighter configuration, and the solution has a lower intrinsic viscosity. The characteristic Rg/Rh value for a globular protein is ~0.775, which means that Rg is smaller than Rh. The solution was measured using an Anton Paar DMA35N densitometer. Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), a common phenomenon that can produce local excessive temperature, high pressure and large amount of energy. 1994, 95-0355. Gums and stabilisers for the Food Industry, 5, 447-450. dextran Die Makromolekulare Chemie, 148(1), 229-238. The parameters of Mark-Houwink for polymers can vary with the polymer solution and temperature. a Immediately after microporation, b 4h, c 8h, and d 24h (n=5, *: p<0.05). Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Structural and biocompatibility properties of dextran from Each microporated sample was incubated in the skin culture medium. European Polymer Journal, 36, 2143-2146. Dextran molecular size and degree of branching as a function of sucrose concentration, pH, and temperature of reaction of. ; Veldhuis, T.F.J. Synthesis and characterization of blue dextrans. eCollection 2018 Feb. Molecules. The proportionality between []0 and M0.5 is obtained as a limiting law for the no draining regime. dextran hydrodynamic radius De Belder, A. N. (2001). Physicochemical studies of oligodextran. Structural and biocompatibility properties of dextran from Experimental and numerical study on the mixed lubrication The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their Carbohydrate Polymers 99, 199-207. For 40 kDa molecules, the hydrodynamic diameter dh ~8 nm is much smaller than the collagen mesh size [ 33, 41 ]. Radiofrequency is a well-known medical technique with expanded application in electrosurgery for laparoscopic medical procedures and in dermatology, for sebaceous glands ablation in acne treatment [12, 13], and treatment of photoaging skin symptoms, including wrinkles and hyperpigmentation [14]. (2008). Viscosity of aqueous solutions of polysaccharides and hydrophobically modified polysaccharides: Application of Fedors equation. Carbohydrate Polymers, 39, 377-380. Nair SS. Takara, Andres; Acosta, Adolfo; Masuelli, Martin A. (1990). Harding, Stephen E. (1997). The molecular weight of dextran samples can be obtained by a variety of methods including light scattering, HPLC/SEC, sedimentation, osmometry and end-group analysis. Critical parameters for gel permeation ; Prasad, D.H.L. FITC-dextran molecular weights; 4, 10, and 20kDa molecular weight were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Conversely, fluorescein sodium was the compound selected to model hydrophilic, low MW drugs. The skin poration was performed using the microporation device (LG electronics, Korea). The dextran has the advantage in terms of low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and water-solubility. Masuelli, M. A. These results could be attributed to the differences in the in vivo and in vitro skin nutrients supply; with in vivo studies, the skin tissue is supplied nutrients directly from the blood vessels, but the human cadaver skin is supplied from the media, therefore, the skin tissue regeneration efficiency is low [26,27,28]. Doke SK, Dhawale SC. In addition, microporated pig skin permeated larger amounts of FITC-dextran than human skin, this can be attributed to the differences in structure between the human and pig skin; the pig skin layer is thinner (SC, 813m) than the human skin (SC, 1017m) and the pig hair follicle is longer (3871m) than the human hair follicle (18m). Transdermal delivery is of great importance for the effective delivery of bioactive or therapeutic agents into a body. dextran hydrodynamic radius In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of RF microporation technology in vitro, by evaluating the permeation of fluorescent-conjugated dextran (FITC-dextran) of various molecular weights through the human and pig skin after microporation, using a transdermal diffusion cell system. Based on these results a difference of approximately 1015% between the amounts of drugs permeated through the human skin and pig skin models should be considered during human clinical trials. For a values from 0-0.5 a rigid sphere is predicted in a ideal solvent, from 0.5-0.8 a random coil in good solvent, and from 0.8-2 a rigid or rod like shape is expected (stiff chain). 4K was 10.611.68 and 13.440.18M in human and pig skin, respectively. (2008). This low polydispersity realizes that the Mark-Houwink equation is forced at a given Mw regardless of the hyperbranched nature of the dextran molecule. The numerical value of a indicates that dextrans acquire the shape of a rigid sphere in aqueous solution; and kM-H demonstrates that under water the value decreases with temperature [71, 72]. 2022 Feb 22;16(2):1999-2012. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07010. dextran hydrodynamic radius 2012;29(7):201729. From Table 1, It is worth noting that the value of 2 is above 0.95, being an acceptable value for viscosimetric measurement. The fact that the intrinsic viscosity of a given polymer sample is different according to the solvent used gives and insight about the general shape of polymer molecules in solution. After 24h the micropores were either closed or reduced further to smaller sizes, 37.5020.41, 50.5718.07, and 58.5814.99m, for 2, 5, and 10 times microporation, respectively. In vivo iontophoretic delivery of salmon calcitonin across microporated skin. J. Braz. A novel correlation for protein diffusion coefficients based on molecular weight on radius of gyration. 2011;5(2):95132. Dextran; Weissella cibaria; exopolysaccharide; prebiotic; skimmed milk. TEWL measurements were performed before and 30min after microporation. In a good solvent, a temperature increase results in an intrinsic viscosity decrease and in a less-extended conformation (RH<), because the entropy value increases with an increase in temperature and it is unfavorable for an extended conformation. dextran Carbohydrate Polymers 87, 405-410. Chen Rong Huei; Wei Yu Chen; Shang Ta Wang; Chu Hsi Hsu; Min Lang Tsai (2009). There is a formula that used to calculate the radius (in Angstrom) from the molar mass (in g/mol) of dextran, a=0.33*(MM^0.46) where, a and MM are Molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and molecular size of a native dextran. Carbohydrate Research, 340, 811-826. (1998). Viscosity of in water solution polysaccharides depends on intrinsic characteristics of the biopolymer (such as molecular weight, volume, size, shape, surface charge, deformation facility, esterification degree, and galacturonic content) and on ambient factors (such as pH, temperature, ionic strength, solvent, etc.). Calculation of MarkHouwinkSakurada (MHS) equation viscometric constants for chitosan in any solventtemperatura system using experimental reported viscometric constants data. dextran Journal of American Chemical Society, 76 (20), 5041-5052. (1999). Quintanilla-Pineda M, Achou CG, Daz J, Gutirrez-Falcon A, Bravo M, Herrera-Muoz JI, Pea-Navarro N, Alvarado C, Ibaez FC, Marzo F. Foods. Jeanes, A.; Haynes, W.C.; C. Wilham, A.; Rankin, J.C; Melvin, E.H.; Austin, M. J.; Cluskey, J. E.; Fisher, B.E. (2003). Markiertes Dextran wird hufig per Mikroinjektion in die Zellen eingebracht. Chen Rong Huei; Min Lang Tsai (1998). The author thanks Universidad Nacional de San Luis (Project 2-81/11), FONCyT (PICT 2004-N23-2548 and PICT 2008-N21-84), and CONICET (PIP 6324 Res. The Mark-Houwink a constant is close to 0.5 in poor solvents. ; Rjumtsev, E.I. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. where (poise) is the viscosity, the (g/cm3) fluid density, and t the liquid draining time (s) subscript zero is referred to solvent, and without subscript is referred to the solution [40], and inherent viscosity is i = r -1. Changes in the Mark-Houwink hydrodynamic volume of chitosan molecules in solutions of different organic acids, at different temperatures and ionic strengths. Increased epidermal laser fluence through simultaneous ultrasonic microporation. The great deviation at 2000kDa occurs due to the large hyperbranched structure of the macromolecule, generating a change in its conformation and, therefore, a change in the way it flows [73]. Palmuti Braga Vettoria, Mary Helen; Martins Franchetti, Sandra Mara; Contiero, Jonas (2012). These results indicate that healing and regeneration occurred in the human cadaver skin after the microporation. WebLabeled dextrans are hydrophilic polysaccharides most commonly used in microscopy studies to monitor cell division, track the movement of live cells, and to report the WebThe study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [] measurements at different temperatures. Antoniou, E.; Buitrago, C. F.; Tsianou, M.; Alexandridis, P. (2010). With FITC-dextran 20 K, cumulative The Principle of the Suspended Level: Applications to the Measurement of Viscosity and Other Properties of Liquids. Bookshelf Biomaterials. WebFluorescent and biotinylated dextrans are routinely employed to trace neuronal projections. Study of temperature influence. The slope is a value and intercept is equal to the ln kMH value [47]. Therefore, the trend of "a" and kM-H decreases with T, where the presence of ethylene glycol or dimethylsulfoxide strongly changes the interactions of this solvent with the macromolecule. The 70-kDa FITC dextran reached the jejunum after 15 min and passed the entire small intestine within 1 h after its administration, demonstrating that 4-kDa FITC dextran measured in plasma 1 h after its oral application is a marker of small intestinal permeability. (1958). Microporation techniques for enhanced delivery of therapeutic agents. This result could reflect the presence of some aggregated species within the lysozyme sample solution. The lower molecular weight of FITC-dextran permeated more on both human and pig skin. Carbohydrate Polymers 95 360-365. 2008;26(11):12618. ; Grishchenko, A.E. 2023 Feb 17;12(4):861. doi: 10.3390/foods12040861. WebHydrodynamic radius = variable size of an analyte with specific MW based on dynamical properties. (1954). WebHydrodyamic Radius, R H: In addition to the analytic size of a linear (C=1) chain, the end to end distance, R eted or R 0, and the structural size, the radius or gyration, R g, dynamic measurements yield a size called the hydrodynamic radius, R H. Consider a rod particle of length L=10R where R is the radius.